Gastric chief cell

Chief cell
H&E stain of fundic gland polyp showing shortening of the gastric pits with cystic dilatation
A fundus gland. A. Transverse section of gland.
Latin	exocrinocytus principalis
Code	TH H3.04.02.1.00031

A gastric chief cell (or peptic cell, or gastric zymogenic cell) is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen, gastric lipase and Chymosin. The cell stains basophilic upon H&E prep due to the large proportion of rough endoplasmic reticulum in its cytoplasm.

Chief cells release the zymogen (enzyme precursor) pepsinogen when stimulated by a variety of factors including cholinergic activity from the vagus nerve and acidic condition in the stomach. Gastrin and secretin may also act as secretagogues. ^[1]

It works in conjunction with the parietal cell, which releases gastric acid, converting the pepsinogen into pepsin.

Contents 1 Nomenclature 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

Nomenclature

The terms "chief cell" and "zymogenic cell" are often used without the word "gastric" to name this type of cell. However those terms can also be used to describe other cell types (for example, parathyroid chief cells.) Chief cells are also known as peptic cells.

See also

• Gastric acid
• Fundic glands

References

External links

• Anatomy Atlases - Microscopic Anatomy, plate 01.05
• Histology at BU 22201loa - "Ultrastructure of the Cell: chief cells and enteroendocrine cell"
• Histology at BU 11304loa - "Digestive System: Alimentary Canal: fundic stomach, gastric glands, base"
• "chief cell" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

• Physiology at MCG 6/6ch4/s6ch4_8

Digestive system, physiology: gastrointestinal physiology GI tract Upper GI Exocrine Chief cells (Pepsinogen) · Parietal cells (Gastric acid, Intrinsic factor) · Goblet cells (Mucus) Processes Swallowing · Vomiting Fluids Saliva · Gastric juice Lower GI Enteric nervous system Meissner's plexus · Auerbach's plexus Endocrine/paracrine G cells (gastrin) · D cells (somatostatin) · ECL cells (Histamine) enterogastrone: I cells (CCK) · K cells (GIP) · S cells (secretin) Enteroendocrine cells · Enterochromaffin cell · APUD cell Fluids Intestinal juice Processes Segmentation contractions · Migrating motor complex · Borborygmus · Defecation Either/both Processes Peristalsis (Interstitial cell of Cajal · Basal electrical rhythm) · Gastrocolic reflex · Digestion Accessory Fluids Bile · Pancreatic juice Processes Enterohepatic circulation Abdominopelvic Peritoneal fluid M: DIG anat(t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon proc, drug(A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte

Human cell types / list derived primarily from endoderm Foregut Respiratory Pneumocyte (Type I pneumocyte, Type II pneumocyte) · Clara cell · Goblet cell Digestive Stomach enteroendocrine: G cell · D cell · ECL cell exocrine: Gastric chief cell · Parietal cell Foveolar cell Intestine enteroendocrine: K cell  · S cell · D cell · I cell Goblet cell · Paneth cell Enterocyte (Microfold cell) Liver Hepatocyte · Hepatic stellate cell · (Kupffer cell from mesoderm) Gallbladder Cholecystocyte Exocrine pancreas Centroacinar cell · Pancreatic stellate cell Endocrine endocrine pancreas (alpha cell, beta cell, delta cell, F cell(PP cell), epsilon cell) Pharyngeal pouch Endocrine thyroid (Follicular cell)  · parathyroid (Parathyroid chief cell, Oxyphil cell) Hindgut/cloaca Urogenital Urothelial cells